Post-processing of Handwritten Pitman's Shorthand Using Unigram and Heuristic Approaches

Swe Myo Htwe; Colin Higgins; Graham Leedham; Ma Yang

doi:10.1007/b100557

Post-processing of Handwritten Pitman's Shorthand Using Unigram and Heuristic Approaches

Swe Myo Htwe
, Colin Higgins
, Graham Leedham
, Ma Yang

Computer Science

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

Abstract

The computer transcription of handwritten Pitman's shorthand has enormous potential as a means of rapid text entry to today's handheld devices. Recognition errors caused in pattern segmentation and classification raises the incidence of ambiguous interpretation in existing systems and the paper proposes a well-established unigram technique and an efficient heuristic method to reduce ambiguity in a linguistic post processor. Heuristics applied in our transcription system are: - firstly, incorporating visual stimulus as used by human readers; secondly, applying knowledge of the most common words of Pitman shorthand; and finally, adding knowledge of collocation. An experiment using a phonetic Lexicon of 5000 entries shows the distribution of ambiguity in a shorthand lexicon due to the similarity of outlines' and estimates the transcription accuracy of 94%.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Document analysis systems VI: Proceedings of the 6th international workshop, DAS 2004
Editors	Simone Marinai, Andreas Dengel
Place of Publication	Berlin, Germany
Publisher	Springer
Pages	332-336
Volume	Lecture notes in computer science: 3163
ISBN (Print)	9783540230601
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/b100557
Publication status	Published - 2004
Event	DAS 2004: 6th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis System - Florence, Italy Duration: 8 Sept 2004 → 10 Sept 2004

Conference

Conference	DAS 2004: 6th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis System
City	Florence, Italy
Period	8/09/04 → 10/09/04

Keywords

Image Processing
Pattern Recognition and Data Mining

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10.1007/b100557

https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/6114

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Myo Htwe, S., Higgins, C., Leedham, G., & Yang, M. (2004). Post-processing of Handwritten Pitman's Shorthand Using Unigram and Heuristic Approaches. In S. Marinai, & A. Dengel (Eds.), Document analysis systems VI: Proceedings of the 6th international workshop, DAS 2004 (Vol. Lecture notes in computer science: 3163, pp. 332-336). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/b100557

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title = "Post-processing of Handwritten Pitman's Shorthand Using Unigram and Heuristic Approaches",

abstract = "The computer transcription of handwritten Pitman's shorthand has enormous potential as a means of rapid text entry to today's handheld devices. Recognition errors caused in pattern segmentation and classification raises the incidence of ambiguous interpretation in existing systems and the paper proposes a well-established unigram technique and an efficient heuristic method to reduce ambiguity in a linguistic post processor. Heuristics applied in our transcription system are: - firstly, incorporating visual stimulus as used by human readers; secondly, applying knowledge of the most common words of Pitman shorthand; and finally, adding knowledge of collocation. An experiment using a phonetic Lexicon of 5000 entries shows the distribution of ambiguity in a shorthand lexicon due to the similarity of outlines' and estimates the transcription accuracy of 94\%.",

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editor = "Simone Marinai and Andreas Dengel",

booktitle = "Document analysis systems VI: Proceedings of the 6th international workshop, DAS 2004",

publisher = "Springer",

note = "DAS 2004: 6th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis System ; Conference date: 08-09-2004 Through 10-09-2004",

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Myo Htwe, S, Higgins, C, Leedham, G & Yang, M 2004, Post-processing of Handwritten Pitman's Shorthand Using Unigram and Heuristic Approaches. in S Marinai & A Dengel (eds), Document analysis systems VI: Proceedings of the 6th international workshop, DAS 2004. vol. Lecture notes in computer science: 3163, Springer, Berlin, Germany, pp. 332-336, DAS 2004: 6th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis System, Florence, Italy, 8/09/04. https://doi.org/10.1007/b100557

Post-processing of Handwritten Pitman's Shorthand Using Unigram and Heuristic Approaches. / Myo Htwe, Swe; Higgins, Colin; Leedham, Graham et al.
Document analysis systems VI: Proceedings of the 6th international workshop, DAS 2004. ed. / Simone Marinai; Andreas Dengel. Vol. Lecture notes in computer science: 3163 Berlin, Germany: Springer, 2004. p. 332-336.

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

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T1 - Post-processing of Handwritten Pitman's Shorthand Using Unigram and Heuristic Approaches

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AU - Higgins, Colin

AU - Leedham, Graham

AU - Yang, Ma

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Y1 - 2004

N2 - The computer transcription of handwritten Pitman's shorthand has enormous potential as a means of rapid text entry to today's handheld devices. Recognition errors caused in pattern segmentation and classification raises the incidence of ambiguous interpretation in existing systems and the paper proposes a well-established unigram technique and an efficient heuristic method to reduce ambiguity in a linguistic post processor. Heuristics applied in our transcription system are: - firstly, incorporating visual stimulus as used by human readers; secondly, applying knowledge of the most common words of Pitman shorthand; and finally, adding knowledge of collocation. An experiment using a phonetic Lexicon of 5000 entries shows the distribution of ambiguity in a shorthand lexicon due to the similarity of outlines' and estimates the transcription accuracy of 94%.

AB - The computer transcription of handwritten Pitman's shorthand has enormous potential as a means of rapid text entry to today's handheld devices. Recognition errors caused in pattern segmentation and classification raises the incidence of ambiguous interpretation in existing systems and the paper proposes a well-established unigram technique and an efficient heuristic method to reduce ambiguity in a linguistic post processor. Heuristics applied in our transcription system are: - firstly, incorporating visual stimulus as used by human readers; secondly, applying knowledge of the most common words of Pitman shorthand; and finally, adding knowledge of collocation. An experiment using a phonetic Lexicon of 5000 entries shows the distribution of ambiguity in a shorthand lexicon due to the similarity of outlines' and estimates the transcription accuracy of 94%.

KW - Image Processing

KW - Pattern Recognition and Data Mining

UR - http://www.dsi.unifi.it/DAS04/

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M3 - Conference contribution

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BT - Document analysis systems VI: Proceedings of the 6th international workshop, DAS 2004

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Y2 - 8 September 2004 through 10 September 2004

ER -

Post-processing of Handwritten Pitman's Shorthand Using Unigram and Heuristic Approaches

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