Abstract
Die Diskussion um die rechtliche Begründung des augusteischen Prinzipats ist in den letzten Jahren intensiv geführt worden. Die geradezu kanonisch gewordene Ansicht Theodor Mommsens, Rechtsgrundlage des Prinzipats sei die tribunicia potestas und das imperium proconsulare maius des Princeps gewesen, ist inzwischen wenn nicht aufgegeben, so doch zunehmend in Frage gestellt. Mommsens Deutung stützt sich bekanntlich auf Cassius Dio, der berichtet, im Jahr 23 v.Chr. habe der Senat an Augustus als Kompensation für die Niederlegung des seit 27 v.Chr. permanent bekleideten Konsulats das Privileg verliehen, die Kompetenzen eines Volkstribunen zu haben und gegenüber den Statthaltern im gesamten Reichsgebiet ein höheres Imperium zu besitzen.
The paper analyses the concept of imperium maius in the late Republican and early Imperial period, essentially arguing that initially it was bound on the province where the holder of the imperium operated in person. The first case was Pompey’s command against the pirates in 67 BCE. The competences of the holder were superior to those of the magistrate being in command in the province in which Pompey was operating in person. That explains why Metellus was not obeying to his orders when refusing to cease fighting pirates on Crete. Pompey, campaigning at that time in Asia Minor, could not enforce his orders because his competences were not valid outside the province in which he was present himself. Only with Augustus’ powers in 23 BCE, this type of imperium became valid in all provinces at once without the holder of the imperium being present in person.
The paper analyses the concept of imperium maius in the late Republican and early Imperial period, essentially arguing that initially it was bound on the province where the holder of the imperium operated in person. The first case was Pompey’s command against the pirates in 67 BCE. The competences of the holder were superior to those of the magistrate being in command in the province in which Pompey was operating in person. That explains why Metellus was not obeying to his orders when refusing to cease fighting pirates on Crete. Pompey, campaigning at that time in Asia Minor, could not enforce his orders because his competences were not valid outside the province in which he was present himself. Only with Augustus’ powers in 23 BCE, this type of imperium became valid in all provinces at once without the holder of the imperium being present in person.
| Translated title of the contribution | Pompeius, Cassius and Augustus. Notes on the imperium maius |
|---|---|
| Original language | German |
| Pages (from-to) | 301-322 |
| Journal | Chiron |
| Volume | 40 |
| Publication status | Published - 2010 |
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