Optimization of triploidy induction in the blacklip abalone, 'Haliotis rubra' (Leach, 1814), using 6-dimethylaminopurine

Optimal conditions of 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP) for triploidy induction in the blacklip abalone 'Haliotis rubra' (Leach, 1814) were investigated, targeting inhibition of second polar body (PB2) formation. Two experiments were conducted at a water temperature of 17.5-18.5°C where factorial combination of (1) four dosages (DSs) of 100, 150, 200 and 250 μM 6-DMAP, four starting times (STs) of 15, 20, 25 and 30 min post fertilization, and two treatment durations (TDs) of 20 and 30 min and (2) three DSs of 50, 100 and 150 μM 6-DMAP, three STs of 15, 20 and 25 min post fertilization, and three TDs of 10, 20 and 30 min, were applied respectively. Day 3 larvae were sampled for triploidy and survival. Percent triploidy was verified using flow cytometry (FCM). Results show that optimal inductions that combine both high rates of triploidy and reasonable survival were those treatments commenced 15 or 20 min post fertilization and continued for 20 or 30 min, using 100 μM 6-DMAP. These conditions induced rates of triploidy and relative survival of 80.5-93.3% and 36.5-40.2%, respectively, in the first experiment, and corresponding rates were 79.1-93.6% and 20.7-43.0% in the second experiment. High percent triploidy were also obtained in a number of treatments using 150 μM 6-DMAP, but with overall survival rates generally lower than those using 100 μM 6-DMAP.