Examination of Self-Efficacy and Hope: A Developmental Approach Using Latent Growth Modeling

Recent research studies have indicated that self-efficacy and hope explain a significant, independent portion of the variability in academic performance (D. H. Adelabu, 2008). Despite this recognition, there is an absence of research outlining the developmental trajectories of the aforementioned constructs over time. The author used latent growth modeling (LGM) procedures to investigate the developmental course of these 2 constructs over 4 occasions. Participants were 196 students (89 girls and 107 boys) from 3 secondary schools. Likert-type scale inventories were used to elicit relevant data from students. LGM analyses using SPSS AMOS 17 indicated significant individual differences in initial levels and change in individuals' self-efficacy beliefs and hope. The intercept mean and slope mean values revealed that self-efficacy and hope changed over time. The author discusses the findings ascertained with reference to applied teaching practices and continuing research development.