ارزیابی موانع مشارکت بخش خصوصی در توسعه و عمران شهری مطالعه موردی: شهر شیراز

Consideration of fundamental and logical criteria in urban physical development is one of the principles of urban sustainable development. Urban sustainable development is a kind of development that considers the real needs of humans and the environment; in other words, decisions are deemed wise when they take economic, social, and environmental aspects into consideration. Sustainable income is one of the factors affecting the physical development of cities, which determines the type and extent of urban development based on existing plans. Therefore, a major urban sustainability factor is achieving a sustainable model for financial resources to cover the current and construction expenses of a city and lay the foundations for investment in urban development infrastructures. It merits mention that not only do the incomes need to be reliable and steady, but they also should not pose any threat to urban sustainable development. Considering the lack of sufficient funding for urban projects in most cities around the world, these cities are in need of investments, partnership with the private sector, and facilities from banks and institutions in order to develop their infrastructures. According to reports by Shiraz Deputy Mayor’s Office for Finance and Economy (2019) and Fars Planning and Budget Organisation (2019) in Iran, currently there are 31 private companies active in urban development, 2,618 private companies active in contracting, and 153 private companies active in different urban projects. On the basis of 2018 and 2019 reports, 102 contracts have been signed with the private sector and are being undertaken for projects concerning cemeteries, waste management, public squares, and the green space. According to Figure 1, different districts of Shiraz Municipality signed 255 contracts overall with the private sector in 2019; this number was 690 in 2018, and 1791 in 2016-2017. Therefore, it can be concluded that the number of contracts, i.e. the extent of the private sector partnership, has followed a downward trend. This study examined major barriers to the partnership of the private sector in urban development and construction in Shiraz. The main research question is: What factors inhibit the partnership of the private sector in urban development of Shiraz, and to what extent?